What is the primary function of a neutralizer in permanent waving?

The primary function of a neutralizer in permanent waving is to stop the waving process. During the permanent waving process, when the hair is subjected to a chemical solution that alters its structure, the cuticle layer of the hair is opened to allow for the creation of new curls or waves. The neutralizer then plays a vital role in setting those changes by reforming the disulfide bonds of the hair into their new shape.

Neutralizers typically contain an oxidizing agent that helps to stabilize the newly formed shape of the hair, ensuring that the curls or waves remain intact after the waving solution is rinsed out. Without the neutralizer, the hair would revert to its original state, as the changes made by the perm solution would not be secured.

Regarding the other options, adding color and cleansing the scalp are separate processes and are not related to the function of a neutralizer. Similarly, strengthening the hair is not the primary role of the neutralizer, even though it might have some conditioning effects. The core purpose remains focused on stopping the waving process to secure the new hairstyle.