What safety test should be performed before applying a chemical relaxer?

The correct answer is a patch test. This test is critical before applying a chemical relaxer, as it helps assess the client's sensitivity and potential allergic reactions to the chemicals in the relaxer. A patch test involves applying a small amount of the product on a less visible area of the skin, typically behind the ear or on the inner elbow, and waiting 24 to 48 hours to observe any adverse reactions such as redness, swelling, or irritation. Performing this test is essential for the safety of the client, as severe allergic reactions can lead to complications.

While a strand test evaluates how the hair will react to the relaxer by testing a small section of hair, it does not determine skin sensitivity. A moisture test checks the hair's moisture content to see if it is adequately hydrated before chemical processing, and a curl test assesses the hair's natural curl pattern and strength. However, none of these alternatives address the critical safety concern of allergic reactions that the patch test specifically targets.